Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium Cytokeratin 19(BA17), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This Ab reacts with the rod domain of human cytokeratin 19 (CK19), a polypeptide of 40 kDa. CK19 is expressed in sweat gland, mammary gland ductal and secretory cells, bile ducts, gastrointestinal tract, bladder urothelium, oral epithelia, esophagus, and ectocervical epithelium. Anti-CK19 reacts with a wide variety of epithelial malignancies including adenocarcinomas of the colon, stomach, pancreas, biliary tract, liver, and breast. Perhaps the most useful application is the identification of thyroid carcinoma of the papillary type, although 50%-60% of follicular carcinomas are also labeled. Anti-CK19 is a useful marker for detection of tumor cells in lymph nodes, peripheral blood, bone marrow and breast cancer.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low
Biotium TYRP1 (Tyrosinase Related Protein 1)(TA99), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody reacts with a 75 kDa melanocyte-specific gene product, identified as Tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1). It is involved in melanin synthesis. TRP1 is present on the melanosomal membranes of melanoma, normal melanocytes and nevi.Recent evidence suggests that TRP-1 is involved in maintaining stability of tyrosinase protein and modulating its catalytic activity. TRP-1 is also involved in maintenance of melanosome ultrastructure and affects melanocyte proliferation and cell death.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium NKX3.1 (Metastatic Prostate Adenocarcinoma Marker)(NKX3.1/2576), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
NKX3. 1 is a prostate specific gene encoding a transcription factor that plays an important role in normal prostate development and carcinogenesis. It is a prostatic tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 8p21. 2, which frequently undergoes a loss of heterozygosity. NKX3. 1 expression is highly restricted in prostate epithelial cells and therefore can be used as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer and other metastatic lesions of prostatic origin. Furthermore, NKX3. 1 shows better sensitivity than Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) for identifying metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma. This suggests that immunohistochemical staining of NKX3. 1, along with other prostate-restricted markers, may be valuable for the definitive determination of prostatic origin in poorly differentiated metastatic carcinomas. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note
Biotium n-Myc (Neuroblastoma Marker)(NMYC-1), 1mg/mL
The v-Myc oncogene, initially identified in the MC29 avian retrovirus, causes myelocytomas, carcinomas, sarcomas and lymphomas, and belongs to a family of oncogenes conserved throughout evolution. In humans, the family consists of five genes: c-Myc, N-Myc, R-Myc, L-Myc and B-Myc. Amplification of the N-Myc gene has been found in human neuroblastomas and cell lines. Its amplification correlates well with the stage of neuroblastoma disease. Immunological studies have shown that the human N-Myc gene encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein that exhibits relatively short (30 min) half life in vivo. The prototype member of the family, c-Myc p67, binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner subsequent to dimerization with a second basic region helix-loop-helix leucine zipper motif protein, designated Max. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue flu
Biotium AIF1 / Iba1 (Microglia Marker)(AIF1/2493), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (also known as AIF1 or IBA1) is a cytoplasmic, calcium-binding protein that is thought to play a role in macrophage activation and function. AIF1, containing two EF domains, is induced by cytokines and Interferons. In an unstimulated state, AIF1 colocalizes with actin, and upon stimulation, translocates to lamellipodia. It is also a marker of human microglia and is expressed by macrophages in injured skeletal muscle. The gene encoding AIF1 resides in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cluster of genes, located in the region represented by the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific bac
Biotium TGFalpha(TGFA/1119), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody reacts with the C-terminus of TGF alpha and shows no cross-reaction with EGF and the neuropeptide synenkephalin. TGF-beta (aa50) is a growth factor with 33% homology to EGF, binds to EGFR, activates tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor, and stimulates cell proliferation. It plays a role in tumor initiation by inducing the reversible transformed phenotype.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium YBX1 / Y-box Binding Protein 1 / YB-1 (Tumor Biomarker)(YBX1/2430), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The specificity of this monoclonal antibody to its intended target was validated by HuProt™ Array, containing more than 19,000 full-length human proteins. Y-box binding protein-1 (YBX1) is the prototypic member of the cold shock protein family that fulfills numerous cellular functions. In the nucleus, YBX1 protein orchestrates transcription of proliferation-related genes, whereas in the cytoplasm it associates with mRNA and directs translation. In human tumor entities, such as breast, lung and prostate cancer, cellular YBX1 expression indicates poor clinical outcome, suggesting that YBX1 is an attractive marker to predict patients' prognosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence an
Biotium Prohibitin (Mitochondrial Marker)(PHB/3226), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 30 kDa which is identified as Prohibitin, an evolutionarily conserved protein with homologues found in yeast to man. It is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. Although prohibitin mRNA and protein expression occurs throughout the cell cycle, maximum levels are detected during the G1/S phase transition and minimum levels are seen in S phase and the G2/mitosis boundary. Prohibitin is located exclusively in the mitochondria with the highest concentration on the inner membrane. Prohibitin is an ideal mitochondrial marker. It shows antiproliferative activity and has been proposed to play a role in normal cell cycle regulation, replicative senescence, cellular immortalization, and tumor suppression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended fo
Biotium EGLN1 / PHD2(366G/76/3), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognises human prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), a 46 kDa enzyme expressed abundantly in all tissues with the highest expression in testis. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcriptional complex, consisting of an alpha and beta subunit, which plays a key role in coordinating the cellular response to hypoxia. During normal oxygen conditions, the alpha subunit of HIF-1 is rapidly degraded, however when hypoxia occurs this degradation is suppressed and HIF-1 activates the transcription of various genes important for survival and adaptation to hypoxia. Prolyl hydroxylase 2 catalyses the hydroxylation of specific prolyl residues within the HIF-1 alpha subunit, thereby targeting this subunit for degradation. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for det
Biotium CD268 / BAFFR / TNFRSF13C(BAFFR/1557), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Defects in TNFRSF13C are the cause of immunodeficiency common variable type 4 (CVID4) ; also called antibody deficiency due to BAFFR defect. CVID4 is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by antibody deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections and an inability to mount an antibody response to antigen. The defect results from a failure of B-cell differentiation and impaired secretion of immunoglobulins; the numbers of circulating B cells is usually in the normal range, but can be low. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Cytokeratin 6 (KRT6) (Hyperproliferation-Related Keratin) (KRT6/1702), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a protein of 56 kDa, identified as cytokeratin 6 (CK6). In humans, multiple isoforms of Cytokeratin 6 (6A-6F), encoded by several highly homologous genes, have distinct tissue expression patterns, and Cytokeratin 6A is the dominant form in epithelial tissue. The gene encoding human Cytokeratin 6A maps to chromosome 12q13, and mutations in this gene are linked to several inheritable hair and skin pathologies. Keratins 6 and 16 are expressed in keratinocytes, which are undergoing rapid turnover in the suprabasal region (also known as hyper-proliferation-related keratins). Keratin 6 is found in hair follicles, suprabasal cells of a variety of internal stratified epithelia, in epidermis, in both normal and hyper-proliferative situations. Epidermal injury results in activation of keratinocytes, which express CK6 and CK16. CK6 is strongly expressed in about 75% of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Expression of CK6 is particularly associated with different
Biotium Histone H1 (Nuclear Marker) (r1415-1), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Eukaryotic histones are basic and water-soluble nuclear proteins that form hetero-octameric nucleosome particles by wrapping 146 base pairs of DNA in a left-handed supealpha-helicalturn sequentially to form chromosomal fiber. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form the octamer; formed of two H2A-H2B dimers and two H3-H4 dimers, forming two nearly symmetrical halves by tertiary structure. Over 80% of nucleosomes contain the linker Histone H1, derived from an intronless gene that interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and mediates compaction into higher order chromatin. Histones are subject to posttranslational modification by enzymes primarily on their N-terminal tails, but also in their globular domains. Such modifications include methylation, citrullination, acetylation, phosphorylation, sumoylation, ubiquitination and ADP-ribosylation.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other l
Biotium Blood Group Antigen B (CD173)(HEB-20), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody is applicable for staining ABO blood groups B and AB. The histo-blood group ABO involves three carbohydrate antigens: A, B, and H. Blood group antigens are generally defined as molecules formed by sequential addition of saccharides to the carbohydrate side chains of lipids and proteins detected on erythrocytes and certain epithelial cells. Blood group related antigens represent a group of carbohydrate determinants carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins. They are usually mucin-type, and are detected on erythrocytes, certain epithelial cells, and in secretions of certain individuals. Sixteen genetically and biosynthetically distinct but inter-related specificities belong to this group of antigens, including A, B, H, Lewis A, Lewis B, Lewis X, Lewis Y, and precursor type 1 chain antigens. This antibody shows specific staining of erythrocytes and vascular epithelium of blood group B controls and no staining in group A controls. The A, B and H antigens are re
Biotium Cytokeratin, Acidic (Type I or LMW) (Epithelial Marker) (KRTL/1577R), 0.2mg/mL
This MAb recognizes the 56.5 kDa (CK10); 50 kDa (CK14); 50 kDa (CK15); 48 kDa (CK16); 40 kDa (CK19) keratins of the acidic (Type I or LMW) subfamily. Twenty human keratins are resolved with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis into acidic (pI <5.7) and basic (pI >6.0) subfamilies. The acidic keratins have molecular weights (MW) of 56.5, 55, 51, 50, 50 , 48, 46, 45, and 40 kDa. Many studies have shown the usefulness of keratins as markers in cancer research and tumor diagnosis.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium ETS1 (Marker of Tumor Metastasis)(ETS1/1801), CF594 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
ETS1 proto-oncogene is an important transcription factor that plays a role in cell proliferation and differentiation. ETS1 is related to the growth of carcinoma cells by its regulation of the transcription of matrix metalloproteinases and urokinase-type plasminogen activator. The processes of tumor invasion and metastasis depend on the increased proteolytic activity of the invading tumor cells that may involve matrix metalloproteinases, cathepsins B and D and plasminogen activator in the metastatic cascade. ETS1 is preferentially expressed in lymphoid cells, where it is essential for the maintenance of the normal pool of resting T and B cells. ETS1 expression level and distribution are differentially controlled in resting, activated and apoptotic lymphocytes. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S a